Located in the Plains and Midland in the North of Vietnam, Phu Tho shares border with Tuyen Quang, Yen Bai provinces on the north, Vinh Phuc, Ha Tay provinces on the east, Son La Province on the west and Hoa Binh Province on the south.

The terrain is mainly made up by hills. There are also three big rivers namely Red, Da and Lo rivers running through Phu Tho.