Nueva Esparta (New Sparta) is one of the 23 states (estados) of Venezuela. It comprises Margarita Island, Coche, and uninhabited Cubagua.

The state is the smallest one in area, and is located off the northeast Caribbean coast of Venezuela. It is the only insular state of Venuezuela. Its name comes from the heroism shown by its inhabitants during the Venezuelan War of Independence, deemed similar to that of the Spartan soldiers of Ancient Greece.